Occupational therapy is designed to promote health and well-being by enabling children to participate in the activities of daily living.
Assessment Focus
For children, occupations relate to activities that enable them to:
- Learn and develop life skills (e.g., preschool and school activities)
- Be creative or derive enjoyment (e.g., play)
- Thrive (e.g., self-care and relationships with others)
The assessment examines how these factors impact a child’s communication, social interaction and play skills.
Assessment
The therapist uses parent interviews and formal and informal assessments to understand a child’s developmental profile with a focus on:
- Motor (physical and hand skills)
- Hand-eye coordination
- Balance and posture
- Muscle tone
- Sensory integration
- Play skills
- Self-care
Outcome
The occupational therapist (OT):
- understands the child and family’s strengths and challenges
- Creates an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) to address the needs of the child and the family
The focus of the intervention is to enable children’s participation in their everyday activities such as play with peers, school and self-care which contributes to their self-esteem and sense of accomplishment. This is achieved by working on various skills such as cognition, motor, sensory, play and social using various approaches:
Sensory Integration
Aimed at
Children with difficulties processing sensory information from the environment (e.g., sensitivity to loud noises)
Purpose
Help the child learn ways to organize the sensations so that he/she can participate in their environments
Techniques
Using specialized equipment such as swings, balls, textured toys, trampoline, etc.
Neuro-Developmental Treatment
Aimed at
Children with difficulties controlling movement because of neurological disorders
Purpose
Address neurological challenges like altered tone, weakness or tightness of muscles to help children move more easily at home and in school
Techniques
Enhancing motor and play skills by sitting and playing, walking to explore the environment, climbing stairs, etc.
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